![]() Renewable Energy is the topic of the day for the industrial sector as much it is for THE SOLAR ENERGY OPTIONAN OVERVIEW S P Sukhatme,J K Nayak. Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage Tata McGraw-Hill Education, – Energy storage – pages S P Sukhatme,J K. Bws_funfacts.pdf - Fun Facts about Solar Energy. Solar energy has existed for five billion years. All of us — even kids! — can do our part to help the environment. • • Title • Solar energy: principles of thermal collection and storage / S.P. Author • Sukhatme, S. Published • New Delhi; London: Tata McGraw-Hill, c1984. Content Types • text Carrier Types • volume Physical Description • xii,270p.,6p. Of plates: ill., maps; 25cm. Subjects • • • Notes • Solar energy. Collecting & storage. Mathematical models (BNB/PRECIS) • Includes index. 1 Can India s Future Needs of Electricity be met by Renewable Energy Sources? S P Sukhatme Professor Emeritus IIT Bombay August 2014 2 Outline of Talk 1. Introduction - The Present Scenario 2. Estimating India s Future Needs of Electricity 3. A Case Study of Two Countries Germany and France 4. ![]() Potential of Renewable Energy Sources for Generating Electricity in India 5. Technical Challenges in using Renewable Sources 6. Concluding Remarks 3 1. Introduction Today India s needs for electricity are supplied by - Fossil fuels - Nuclear energy - Renewable energy sources In the future (about 100 or more years from today), our supplies of fossil fuels will be essentially exhausted, and we will have to rely either on nuclear energy or on renewable energy sources or both. 4 Question: Can renewable energy sources alone meet our future needs of electricity? Why do we pose this question? Renewable sources would last indefinitely. For this reason, they need to be developed to the fullest extent to ensure sustainable development. India s long term energy policies depend on the results such studies. 5 The Present Scenario Installed capacity on = 236,174 MW Electricity produced in = 900 to 1000 TWh Contribution: Fossil fuels 80%, renewable energy sources 17%, nuclear energy 3% Per capita production = 800 to 900 kwh/year 6 2. Estimating India s Future Needs for Electricity Annual per capita needs of electricity Total need for electricity in the future 7 Annual per capita needs of electricity Extensive studies by Amulya Reddy et al. The focus is on electrical energy inputs needed for activities grouped under broad headings like residential, commercial, transportation, manufacturing, agriculture, mining and construction, etc Main finding: Average per capita requirement of electricity (ACE) = 1840 kwh/year 8 Human Development Index (HDI) HDI is a measure of human well-being. Good correlation between HDI and annual per capita production of electricity (ACE). ACE(kWh/yr) Over 4000 HDI to 0.92 Desirable to have a value of 4000 kwh/yr 9 Plot of HDI vs. MACE for the countries of the world 10 What value should India aim for in the long run? Keeping in mind the need for frugality, it may be best for India to aim for the value of 1840 kwh/yr calculated by Reddy et al.
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